பக்கம்:ஆய்வுக் கோவை.pdf/252

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- Eg. : iniya and tittitta “sweet’ are interchangeable in instances 1ike iniya palam and tittitta palam *sweet fruit*. While iniya kaatchi “sweet scene’ is possible *tittitta kaatchi is not possible. In addition to substitution test the differences between synonyms can be brought out by finding their opposites or antonyms (cf. Ullmann, 1964 : 143, 4). Eg. : iniya sweet is opposed to kaitta “bitter’ and kati, a “harsh' while tittitta “sweet’ is opposed only to kaitta bitter'. Therefore iniya is synonymous with tittitta when it means the opposite of kaitta but not when it means the opposite of katiya. There are certain sets of synonyms though interchangeable in the same context show the differences in the style of the speaker or the social level of the speaker. The words pentaatti and manavi ‘wife’ occur in the sentences aval en pentaatti and ava! en manaivi She is my wife'. But pentaatti is used in the colloquial speech and manaivi in the platform or literary style. In different languages in different periods there are certain clusters of synonyms or centres of attraction. The most interesting subject of a given community at a given time will attract synonyms from all sources. When the interest in the subject decreases the number of synonyms also decreases. (Ullmann 1964: 149). In puram literature there were a number of synonyms refering to “enemy’: pakaivar, ollaar, noonaar, on ralar, nannalar, cerraar, cerunar, innaar, ennalar, na I laar, poruntalar, ceerar, felv var et C. - The synonyms available in a language constitute an invaluable resource for stylistic purposes in any kind of writing. The 244

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