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of the nobis ipt term to a many-sided mountain as well. In Sivadarumot taram, one of the important Saiva Upagamas, we find mention of a big range called Mahendram, situatede south of Pothia Hills. We also learn that it extended from north to south and that it formed the western background of the bigger Ceylon that once existed. On looking into the map attached to W. Scott Elliott's Lost Lemuria', we find that a certain chain of hills stretched southward from the southera portion of the Arabian Sea just a parallel to the Pothia hills up to about 10 degrees below the equator and then turned west in the direction of the African Island of Madagascar. To the cast of this range no big mountain is visible in that map. A comparison of these descriptions renders it quite probable that this range was really the Kumari of the ancient Tamil books and the Mahendram of the Agamas and Skandapuranam. Besides this mountainous range, a huge river called Pahruli (ui ) is mentioned as having existed in the submerged land. There are references to it in Purananuru as the famous river of a Pandian king called Nedion (84.Gurer). The author of 'Sappadikarata in patheti. cally describing the inroad of the sea that engulfed the Pahruli and the high peaks of the Kumari mountain, implicitly compares them respectively to the Ganges and the Himalayas in the north. Since the author mentions them as belonging to Pandian kings, we have reason to infer that the region of the Pahruli was part of Tamilakam. While this great river and the summit of Kumari are mentioned as having submerged, the author does not refer to the Kumari as having been covered by the sea at that time, so that it is quite probable that the see did not in its first inroad on Tamilakam encroach upon the watershed of the river 1, "முகர் விழவி னெடியேன் ralla gara ser (4 Sb.) 2. "கடித் தன்னை வரசர்க் குணர்த்தி வடிவே வெறிதே வான்பகை பொடுது பற்றுளி யாற்றுடன் பன்மங் படுக்கத்துக் குமரிக் கோடும் கொடுக்கடல் கொள்ள வடதிசைக் கங்கையு மிமயமும் கொண்டு தேன்றிசை யாண்ட தென்னவன் வாதி" (சிலப். 14-17-22)
