1:03 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
The paper making began from AD 105 when "Tsai Lun" a chinese court Official, developed the idea of forming a sheet of paper from the macerated bark of trees, hemp waste, old rags and fish nets. Prior to the invention of paper, ancient peoples employed many different substances for recording these thoughts among them papyrus, parchment, and vellum, cloth, bark, clay tablets and stone.
For more than 500 years the art of paper making remained in china. At the beginning of the 7th century AD the art of paper making spread into Japan. In AD 751 the Arabs occupying samarkand were attacked by the chinese. The Arab governor by capturing some skilled paper making workers learnt the art of paper making. eg. 9th century Arabic manuscripts. Following the caravan routes to Baghdad and Damascus the art of paper making reached, Egypt in the 10th Century. In the middle of the century the art of paper making reached, "Spain", "Italy".
1:04 PAPER MILLS
It appeared in the Italy in 1276, and in the France in 1348.
In the second half of the 14th century the use of paper for literary purpose had become well established in all over western Europe.
Paper was used in England at the beginning of the 14th century, but not until late in the 15th century did Job Tate the first English paper manufactures, set up a mill in Hertford in U. K.
Ground wood paper made from mechanical and chemical wood pulps, is claimed to have been produced in the mill of, I. Augustus. Stan Wood and William Tower in Maine in 1863 Four years later a ground wood mill was established in curtisville. In these mills paper was produced in a larger scale.
1.05: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING
Early printing books (the first to be illustrated was ulrich Boner's Der Edestein printed in 1461 by Albrecht pfister in Bamberg, Germany) with was full of illustrations not so much for the sake of scientific accuracy as to produce books that would be attractive to the larger public that printing made possible. It is the result of Renaissance of the 14th century. Presently its development and progress is varied in nature.
1.06: WRITING FLUID OR INK
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Writing ink usually contain a colourant.
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